一、前言
Docker版：Docker初识：Nacos服务的搭建（单机版+集群版）
官网版：Nacos官方文档
二、安装说明：
系统：centos 7
mysql：8
nacos：2.0.3
安装包下载地址：/alibaba/Nacos/releases
官方安装文档：Nacos支持三种部署模式
单机模式 - 用于测试和单机试用。集群模式 - 用于生产环境，确保高可用。多集群模式 - 用于多数据中心场景。
三、单机模式
单机模式很简单，可以直接参照官网安装即可。
下载安装包。
解压并进入目录。
[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# wget /alibaba/nacos/releases/download/2.0.3/nacos-server-2.0.3.tar.gz[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# lsnacos-server-2.0.3.tar.gz [root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# tar -zxvf nacos-server-2.0.3.tar.gznacos/LICENSEnacos/NOTICEnacos/target/nacos-server.jarnacos/conf/nacos/conf/1.4.0-ipv6_support-update.sqlnacos/conf/schema.sqlnacos/conf/nacos-mysql.sqlnacos/conf/application.properties.examplenacos/conf/nacos-logback.xmlnacos/conf/cluster.conf.examplenacos/conf/application.propertiesnacos/bin/startup.shnacos/bin/startup.cmdnacos/bin/shutdown.shnacos/bin/shutdown.cmd[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# lsnacos nacos-server-2.0.3.tar.gz [root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# cd nacos/[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# lltotal 36drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 28 09:51 bindrwxr-xr-x 2 502 games 4096 Jul 27 14:18 conf-rw-r--r-- 1 502 games 16583 Mar 18 LICENSE-rw-r--r-- 1 502 games 1305 May 14 NOTICEdrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 28 09:51 target[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# cd bin/[root@VM_0_6_centos bin]# lsshutdown.cmd shutdown.sh startup.cmd startup.sh
解压后，直接运行即可。
bin/startup.sh -m standalone
[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# bin/startup.sh -m standalone/opt/jdk1.8.0_171/bin/java -Djava.ext.dirs=/opt/jdk1.8.0_171/jre/lib/ext:/opt/jdk1.8.0_171/lib/ext -Xms512m -Xmx512m -Xmn256m -Dnacos.standalone=true -Dnacos.member.list= -Xloggc:/opt/nacos/nacos/logs/nacos_gc.log -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=10 -XX:GCLogFileSize=100M -Dloader.path=/opt/nacos/nacos/plugins/health,/opt/nacos/nacos/plugins/cmdb -Dnacos.home=/opt/nacos/nacos -jar /opt/nacos/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar --spring.config.additional-location=file:/opt/nacos/nacos/conf/ --logging.config=/opt/nacos/nacos/conf/nacos-logback.xml --server.max-http-header-size=524288nacos is starting with standalonenacos is starting，you can check the /opt/nacos/nacos/logs/start.out[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# tail -f logs/start.out-10-28 10:08:35,776 INFO Creating filter chain: any request, [org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter@140d1230, org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter@6c6366cf, org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter@1daf3b44, org.springframework.security.web.csrf.CsrfFilter@1a6cf771, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter@481e91b6, org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter@18acfe88, org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter@6631cb64, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter@3cbf1ba4, org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter@44c13103, org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter@53ed09e8]-10-28 10:08:35,937 INFO Initializing ExecutorService 'taskScheduler'-10-28 10:08:35,973 INFO Exposing 16 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator'-10-28 10:08:36,103 INFO Tomcat started on port(s): 8848 (http) with context path '/nacos'-10-28 10:08:36,107 INFO Nacos started successfully in stand alone mode. use embedded storage
访问nocas的管理端：http://IP:8848/nacos ，默认的用户名密码是 nocas/nocas
当然，除了使用嵌入式数据库还可以使用外置数据源。以下摘自官网。
在0.7版本之前，在单机模式时nacos使用嵌入式数据库实现数据的存储，不方便观察数据存储的基本情况。0.7版本增加了支持mysql数据源能力，具体的操作步骤：
1.安装数据库，版本要求：5.6.5+2.初始化mysql数据库，数据库初始化文件：nacos-mysql.sql3.修改conf/application.properties文件，增加支持mysql数据源配置（目前只支持mysql），添加mysql数据源的url、用户名和密码。
spring.datasource.platform=mysqldb.num=1db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://11.162.196.16:3306/nacos_devtest?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=truedb.user=nacos_devtestdb.password=youdontknow
注：mysql数据库,sql文件位置：conf\nacos-mysql.sql
四、集群模式
1、单机搭建伪集群，复制nacos安装包，修改为nacos8849，nacos8850，nacos8851
[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos]# lsnacos nacos8849 nacos8859 nacos8869
2、以nacos8849为例，进入nacos8849目录。
1）修改conf\application.properties的配置，使用外置数据源。
在0.7版本之前，在单机模式时nacos使用嵌入式数据库实现数据的存储，不方便观察数据存储的基本情况。0.7版本增加了支持mysql数据源能力，具体的操作步骤：
1.安装数据库，版本要求：5.6.5+2.初始化mysql数据库，数据库初始化文件：nacos-mysql.sql3.修改conf/application.properties文件，增加支持mysql数据源配置（目前只支持mysql），添加mysql数据源的url、用户名和密码。
spring.datasource.platform=mysqldb.num=1db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://11.162.196.16:3306/nacos_devtest?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=truedb.user=nacos_devtestdb.password=youdontknow
2）修改将conf\cluster.conf.example改为cluster.conf,添加节点配置。
[root@VM_0_6_centos conf]# cat cluster.conf## Copyright 1999- Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.## Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.# You may obtain a copy of the License at##/licenses/LICENSE-2.0## Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and# limitations under the License.##it is ip#example#192.168.16.101:8847IP1:8859IP2:8869IP3:8849
3）根据需要修改JVM参数或者不修改。
4）nacos8859，nacos8869 按同样的方式配置。
3、分别启动nacos8849，nacos8859，nacos8869即可。
访问nocas的管理端：http://IP:8849/nacos ，用户名密码是 nocas/nocas，查看其他两个端点。
官方推荐nginx反向代理：
stream {upstream nacosCluster {server IP1:8849;server IP2:8859;server IP3:8869;}server {listen 8850;server_name localhost;#charset koi8-r;access_log logs/host.access.log;location /nacos/ {proxy_pass http://nacosCluster/nacos/;}error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root html;}}}
访问地址：http://IP:8850/nacos ，用户名密码是 nocas/nocas，查看其他两个端点。
到此完毕。
五、prometheus+grafana监控Nacos
官方文档：Nacos 监控手册
Nacos 0.8.0版本完善了监控系统，支持通过暴露metrics数据接入第三方监控系统监控Nacos运行状态，目前支持prometheus、elastic search和influxdb，下面结合prometheus和grafana如何监控Nacos，官网grafana监控页面。与elastic search和influxdb结合可自己查找相关资料
1、搭建prometheus采集Nacos metrics数据
分别修改nacos8849，nacos8859，nacos8869的conf/application.properties，暴露metrics数据。
#*************** Metrics Related Configurations ***************#### Metrics for prometheusmanagement.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
重启后，测试一下，看看是否正确。
http://IP:8849/nacos/actuator/prometheus
2、下载安装prometheus。
下载地址：Download | Prometheus
解压后并修改配置文件prometheus.yml采集Nacos metrics数据。
protometheus.yml四个部分：
global: 全局配置（如果有内部单独设定，会覆盖这个参数）alerting: 告警插件定义。这里会设定alertmanager这个报警插件。rule_files: 告警规则。 按照设定参数进行扫描加载，用于自定义报警规则，其报警媒介和route路由由alertmanager插件实现。scrape_configs:采集配置。配置数据源，包含分组job_name以及具体target。又分为静态配置和服务发现
具体参考：Prometheus配置文件prometheus.yml 四个模块详解
# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:# Here it's Prometheus itself.scrape_configs:# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.- job_name: "prometheus"metrics_path: '/nacos/actuator/prometheus'static_configs:- targets: ['10.32.2.17:8849','10.32.2.17:8859','10.32.2.17:8869']
启动prometheus服务。
#默认9090端口./prometheus --config.file="prometheus.yml" &#修改为指定启动端口./prometheus --config.file="prometheus.yml" --web.listen-address=:8840 &
访问：http://IP:8840/graph，搜索栏搜索nacos_monitor可以搜索到Nacos数据说明采集数据成功。
3、搭建grafana图形化展示metrics数据
使用yum安装。
[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos88]$ sudo yum install https://s3-us-west-/grafana-releases/release/grafana-5.2.4-1.x86_64.rpm已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacksgrafana-5.2.4-1.x86_64.rpm| 52 MB 00:12:31正在检查 /var/tmp/yum-root-mQIJKH/grafana-5.2.4-1.x86_64.rpm: grafana-5.2.4-1.x86_64/var/tmp/yum-root-mQIJKH/grafana-5.2.4-1.x86_64.rpm 将被安装正在解决依赖关系--> 正在检查事务---> 软件包 grafana.x86_64.0.5.2.4-1 将被 安装--> 解决依赖关系完成base/7/x86_64 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:01docker-ce-stable/x86_64 | 3.5 kB 00:00:00docker-ce-stable/x86_64/primary_db | 67 kB 00:00:00extras/7/x86_64 | 2.9 kB 00:00:00extras/7/x86_64/primary_db| 243 kB 00:00:00updates/7/x86_64| 2.9 kB 00:00:00updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 12 MB 00:00:10依赖关系解决=================================================================================================================================================================================================================Package 架构 版本源 大小=================================================================================================================================================================================================================正在安装:grafana x86_64 5.2.4-1 /grafana-5.2.4-1.x86_64 158 M事务概要=================================================================================================================================================================================================================安装 1 软件包总计：158 M安装大小：158 MIs this ok [y/d/N]: yDownloading packages:Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction正在安装 : grafana-5.2.4-1.x86_64 1/1 ### NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure grafana to start automatically using systemdsudo /bin/systemctl daemon-reloadsudo /bin/systemctl enable grafana-server.service### You can start grafana-server by executingsudo /bin/systemctl start grafana-server.servicePOSTTRANS: Running script验证中: grafana-5.2.4-1.x86_64 1/1 已安装:grafana.x86_64 0:5.2.4-1 完毕！[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos88]$sudo service grafana-server startStarting grafana-server (via systemctl): [ 确定 ]
注意：
[root@VM_0_6_centos nacos88]$ service grafana-server startStarting grafana-server (via systemctl): ==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units ===Authentication is required to manage system services or units.Authenticating as: homePassword: ==== AUTHENTICATION FAILED ===Failed to start grafana-server.service: Access deniedSee system logs and 'systemctl status grafana-server.service' for details.[失败]
访问地址：http://IP:3000/，默认账号/密码：admin/admin.
官方使用说明：With Grafana | Grafana Labs
进入主页后，配置prometheus数据源。
其他的根据需要填写。
导入Nacos grafana监控模版
至此，演武完毕，其他细节则需一一测试，不在此赘述。
六、遇到的问题
1、三个节点，其中正常启动两个，一个启动报错：org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'grpcClusterServer': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.io.IOException: Failed to bind
具体错误如下：
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'grpcClusterServer': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.io.IOException: Failed to bindat org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:139)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:413)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1761)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:592)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:514)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:321)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:319)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:866)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:878)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550)at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:141)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:744)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:391)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:312)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1215)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1204)at com.alibaba.nacos.Nacos.main(Nacos.java:35)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:49)at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:108)at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:58)at org.springframework.boot.loader.PropertiesLauncher.main(PropertiesLauncher.java:467)Caused by: java.io.IOException: Failed to bindat ty.shaded.tyServer.start(NettyServer.java:246)at io.grpc.internal.ServerImpl.start(ServerImpl.java:184)at io.grpc.internal.ServerImpl.start(ServerImpl.java:90)at com.alibaba.nacos.core.remote.grpc.BaseGrpcServer.startServer(BaseGrpcServer.java:152)at com.alibaba.nacos.core.remote.BaseRpcServer.start(BaseRpcServer.java:47)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$LifecycleElement.invoke(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:363)at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$LifecycleMetadata.invokeInitMethods(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:307)at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:136)... 26 common frames omittedCaused by: ty.ty.channel.unix.Errors$NativeIoException: bind(..) failed: Address already in use-10-28 16:44:57,831 WARN [WatchFileCenter] start close-10-28 16:44:57,831 WARN [WatchFileCenter] start to shutdown this watcher which is watch : /opt/nacos/nacos8851/conf-10-28 16:44:57,831 WARN [WatchFileCenter] start to shutdown this watcher which is watch : /opt/nacos/nacos8851/data/loader-10-28 16:44:57,831 WARN [WatchFileCenter] start to shutdown this watcher which is watch : /opt/nacos/nacos8851/data/tps-10-28 16:44:57,831 WARN [WatchFileCenter] already closed-10-28 16:44:57,831 WARN [NotifyCenter] Start destroying Publisher-10-28 16:44:57,831 WARN [NotifyCenter] Destruction of the end-10-28 16:44:57,831 ERROR Nacos failed to start, please see /opt/nacos/nacos8851/logs/nacos.log for more details.^C
前因后果：
最初三个节点的端口分别是8849、8850、8851，但是在启动过程中发现总是一个节点无法启动，并提示上述错误，经排查发现并非是端口占用导致的。从网上搜索的半天，终于发现一个博客说明了原因，为此我特意到官方网站去看了下，找到了答案。
上述问题解决参考博客：
Nacos2.0.1数据持久化和伪集群学习--集群启动报错问题（Error creating bean with name ‘grpcSdkServer‘）
找到了问题所在，把三个节点端口换成8849、8859、8869，经测试可以正常启动。
2、nacos正常启动，但是浏览器无法访问。
如果服务器是正常的，这就得看下你的防火墙了。
