如何用Python开发象棋小游戏

如何用Python开发象棋小游戏，源代码版本

人生苦短，我用Python！

hello 大家好！我是Mark，一个姓马名克的中国人。

最近，我在CSDN当中看到了这一篇文章：

传送门

他详细地讲解了如何用Python开发象棋小游戏，于是，我在这里贴出源代码和资源供大家学习交流。

上代码！

import pygameimport pygame.fontimport sysimport tracebackimport copyfrom math import sqrtfrom pygame.locals import *pygame.font.init()pygame.init()#用于控制顺序order = True#用于结束游戏后阻止落子working = True#用来存储棋子信息，主要用于悔棋backups = []#定义棋子半径r = 40#一格代表的像素#直接安格子存放，打印时计算像素i = 90#绘制棋盘def Draw_a_chessboard(screen):#填充背景色screen.fill((233,204,138))#画外框outer_frame_color = (60,20,0)pygame.draw.rect(screen,outer_frame_color,[80,80,830,740],5)#行inner_frame_color = (0,0,0)for i in range(1,10):pygame.draw.line(screen, inner_frame_color, (90, 90*i), (900, 90*i)) #列for i in range(1,11):pygame.draw.line(screen,inner_frame_color, (90*i, 90), (90*i, 810))#‘将’jiang_rote_color = (0,0,0)pygame.draw.lines(screen, jiang_rote_color, True,[(90, 360),(270, 360),(270,540),(90,540)],3)pygame.draw.lines(screen, jiang_rote_color, True,[(720, 360),(900, 360),(900,540),(720,540)],3)#‘士’路线shi_rote_color = (0,0,0)pygame.draw.line(screen, shi_rote_color, (90, 360), (270, 540),3)pygame.draw.line(screen, shi_rote_color, (90, 540), (270, 360),3) pygame.draw.line(screen, shi_rote_color, (720, 360), (900, 540),3)pygame.draw.line(screen, shi_rote_color, (720, 540), (900, 360),3)#‘象’路线xiang_rote_color = (0,0,0)pygame.draw.lines(screen, xiang_rote_color, True,[(270, 450),(90, 270),(270,90),(450,270)])pygame.draw.lines(screen, xiang_rote_color, True,[(270, 450),(90, 630),(270,810),(450,630)])pygame.draw.lines(screen, xiang_rote_color, True,[(720, 450),(900, 270),(720,90),(540,270)])pygame.draw.lines(screen, xiang_rote_color, True,[(720, 450),(900, 630),(720,810),(540,630)])#‘兵’,用抗锯齿连续线段bing_rote_color = (255,0,0)for j in range(0,2):for k in range(0,4):pygame.draw.aalines(screen, bing_rote_color, False,[(330+270*j, 260+180*k),(350+270*j, 260+180*k),(350+270*j,240+180*k)],3)pygame.draw.aalines(screen, bing_rote_color, False,[(390+270*j, 260+180*k),(370+270*j, 260+180*k),(370+270*j,240+180*k)],3)pygame.draw.aalines(screen, bing_rote_color, False,[(330+270*j, 100+180*k),(350+270*j, 100+180*k),(350+270*j,120+180*k)],3)pygame.draw.aalines(screen, bing_rote_color, False,[(390+270*j, 100+180*k),(370+270*j, 100+180*k),(370+270*j,120+180*k)],3)#‘炮’pao_rote_color = (255,0,0)for m in range(0,2):for n in range(0,2):pygame.draw.aalines(screen, pao_rote_color, False,[(240+450*m, 170+540*n),(260+450*m, 170+540*n),(260+450*m,150+540*n)],3)pygame.draw.aalines(screen, pao_rote_color, False,[(300+450*m, 170+540*n),(280+450*m, 170+540*n),(280+450*m,150+540*n)],3)pygame.draw.aalines(screen, pao_rote_color, False,[(240+450*m, 190+540*n),(260+450*m, 190+540*n),(260+450*m,210+540*n)],3)pygame.draw.aalines(screen, pao_rote_color, False,[(300+450*m, 190+540*n),(280+450*m, 190+540*n),(280+450*m,210+540*n)],3)#绘制‘楚河汉界’pygame.draw.rect(screen,[233,204,138],[451,91,89,719])chuhehanjie = pygame.image.load("楚河汉界.png").convert_alpha()screen.blit(chuhehanjie,(451,91))#画‘悔棋’，‘重新开始’和‘退出’按钮button_color = (163,80,21)pygame.draw.rect(screen,button_color,[980,300,200,100],5)pygame.draw.rect(screen,button_color,[980,500,200,100],5)pygame.draw.rect(screen,button_color,[980,700,200,100],5)s_font = pygame.font.Font('字体管家小南瓜.ttf',45)text1 = s_font.render("悔 棋",True,button_color)text2 = s_font.render("重新开始",True,button_color)text3 = s_font.render("退出游戏",True,button_color)screen.blit(text1,(1000,320))screen.blit(text2,(980,520))screen.blit(text3,(980,720))#绘制棋子def Draw_a_chessman(screen,color,qizi,x,y):red_color = (255,0,0)black_color = (0,0,0)pygame.draw.circle(screen,(0,0,0),(x,y),46)pygame.draw.circle(screen,(247,157,12),(x,y),45)pygame.draw.circle(screen,(0,0,0),(x,y),40,3)pygame.draw.circle(screen,(181,131,16),(x,y),35)q_font = pygame.font.Font('字体管家小南瓜.ttf',60)if color == 'red':q_color = red_colorelif color == 'black':q_color = black_colorscreen.blit(q_font.render(qizi[0],True,q_color),(x-30,y-40))#绘制带有棋盘的棋子def Draw_a_chessboard_with_chessman(screen): Draw_a_chessboard(screen)for each_qizi in hongqi.keys():Draw_a_chessman(screen,hongqi[each_qizi]['color'],each_qizi,hongqi[each_qizi]['now_weizhi'][0],hongqi[each_qizi]['now_weizhi'][1])for each_qizi in heiqi.keys():Draw_a_chessman(screen,heiqi[each_qizi]['color'],each_qizi,heiqi[each_qizi]['now_weizhi'][0],heiqi[each_qizi]['now_weizhi'][1])#通过位置寻找棋子def find(x,y):for key in hongqi.keys():if sqrt((hongqi[key]['now_weizhi'][0] - x)**2+(hongqi[key]['now_weizhi'][1]-y)**2) < r:return [key,hongqi[key],'red']for key in heiqi.keys():if sqrt((heiqi[key]['now_weizhi'][0] - x)**2+(heiqi[key]['now_weizhi'][1]-y)**2) < r:return [key,heiqi[key],'black']#判断该位置有无棋子def weizhi_panduan(x,y):for key in hongqi.keys():if [x,y] == hongqi[key]['now_weizhi']:return Truefor key in heiqi.keys():if [x,y]==heiqi[key]['now_weizhi']:return Truereturn False#棋子移动的规则def move_rules(qizi,chess_color,x,y):can_move =[]if qizi == '将':can_move += [[x+i,y],[x-i,y],[x,y+i],[x,y-i]]elif qizi[0] == '士':can_move += [[x+i,y+i],[x-i,y-i],[x-i,y+i],[x+i,y-i]]elif qizi[0] == '相':can_move += [[x+2*i,y+2*i],[x-2*i,y-2*i],[x-2*i,y+2*i],[x+2*i,y-2*i]]elif qizi[0] == '马':can_move += [[x+i,y+2*i],[x+2*i,y+i],[x-i,y-2*i],[x-2*i,y-i],[x+i,y-2*i],[x+2*i,y-i],[x-i,y+2*i],[x-2*i,y+i]]elif qizi[0] == '车':for m in range(10):can_move.append([x,y+m*i])can_move.append([x,y-m*i])can_move.append([x+m*i,y])can_move.append([x-m*i,y])elif qizi[0] == '炮':for m in range(10):can_move.append([x,y+m*i])can_move.append([x,y-m*i])can_move.append([x+m*i,y])can_move.append([x-m*i,y])elif qizi[0] == '兵':if chess_color == 'red':if i<=x<=5*i: can_move += [[x+i,y]]else:can_move +=[[x+i,y],[x,y-i],[x,y+i]]elif chess_color == 'black':if 6*i<=x<=10*i:can_move += [[x-i,y]]else:can_move += [[x-i,y],[x,y-i],[x,y+i]]return can_move#判断棋子是否可以走该位置#（棋子，棋子现在所处位置，判断棋子是否可走的位置）def weizhi_able(qizi,chess_color,x,y,d_x,d_y):can_move = move_rules(qizi,chess_color,x,y)if [d_x,d_y] in can_move:#如果第二次点击的位置为自身位置，以不可走处理if [d_x,d_y] == [x,y]:return Falseelif qizi == '将' or qizi[0] == '士':if ((i<=d_x<=3*i and 4*i<=d_y<=6*i) or (8*i<=d_x<=10*i and 4*i<=d_y<=6*i)):return Trueelif qizi[0] == '相':#删除相憋腿的情况if (chess_color == 'red' and i<=d_x<=5*i) or (chess_color == 'black' and 6*i<=d_x<=10*i):if weizhi_panduan(x-i,y-i) and [d_x,d_y] == [x-2*i,y-2*i]:return Falseelif weizhi_panduan(x+i,y-i) and [d_x,d_y] == [x+2*i,y-2*i]:return Falseelif weizhi_panduan(x+i,y+i) and [d_x,d_y] == [x+2*i,y+2*i]:return Falseelif weizhi_panduan(x-i,y+i) and [d_x,d_y] == [x-2*i,y+2*i]:return Falseelse:return Trueelif qizi[0] == '马':#删除马憋腿的情况if weizhi_panduan(x,y-i) and ([d_x,d_y] == [x-i,y-2*i] or [d_x,d_y] == [x+i,y-2*i]):return Falseelif weizhi_panduan(x+i,y) and ([d_x,d_y] == [x+2*i,y-i] or [d_x,d_y] == [x+2*i,y+i]):return Falseelif weizhi_panduan(x,y+i) and ([d_x,d_y] == [x-i,y+2*i] or [d_x,d_y] == [x+i,y+2*i]):return Falseelif weizhi_panduan(x-i,y) and ([d_x,d_y] == [x-2*i,y-i] or [d_x,d_y] == [x-2*i,y+i]):return Falseelse:return Trueelif qizi[0] == '兵':return Trueelif qizi[0] == '车':count = 0if d_y == y:weizhicha = abs(d_x - x)for each_cha in range(90,weizhicha,90):if weizhi_panduan(min(d_x,x)+each_cha,y):count += 1if count == 0 and weizhi_panduan(d_x,d_y)and find(d_x,d_y)[2]!=chess_color:return Trueelif count == 0 and not weizhi_panduan(d_x,d_y):return Trueelse:return Falseelif d_x == x:weizhicha = abs(d_y - y)for each_cha in range(90,weizhicha,90):if weizhi_panduan(x,min(d_y,y)+each_cha):count += 1if count == 0 and weizhi_panduan(d_x,d_y)and find(d_x,d_y)[2]!=chess_color:return Trueelif count == 0 and not weizhi_panduan(d_x,d_y):return Trueelse:return Falseelif qizi[0] == '炮':#记录原来位置与所走位置之间的棋子数count = 0#同一行if d_y == y:weizhicha = abs(d_x - x)for each_cha in range(90,weizhicha,90):if weizhi_panduan(min(d_x,x)+each_cha,y):count += 1if count == 1 and weizhi_panduan(d_x,d_y)and find(d_x,d_y)[2]!=chess_color:return Trueelif count == 0:if weizhi_panduan(d_x,d_y):return Falseelse:return Trueelse:return False#同一列elif d_x == x:weizhicha = abs(d_y - y)for each_cha in range(90,weizhicha,90):if weizhi_panduan(x,min(d_y,y)+each_cha):count += 1if count == 1 and weizhi_panduan(d_x,d_y)and find(d_x,d_y)[2]!=chess_color:return Trueelif count == 0:if weizhi_panduan(d_x,d_y):return Falseelse:return Trueelse:return Falseelse:return False#绘制提示器（类容，屏幕，字大小）def text(s,screen,x):#先把上一次的类容用一个矩形覆盖pygame.draw.rect(screen,(233,204,138),[980,100,1200,100])#定义字体跟大小s_font = pygame.font.Font('字体管家小南瓜.ttf',45)#定义类容，是否抗锯齿，颜色s_text=s_font.render(s,True,(255,0,0))#将字放在窗口指定位置screen.blit(s_text,(980,100))pygame.display.flip()def main():#将'hongqi','heiqi','running','order','backups,设置为可改global hongqi,heiqi,running,order,working,backups#棋子初始位置hongqi = {'将':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,450]},'士1':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,360]},'士2':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,540]},'相1':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,270]},'相2':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,630]},'马1':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,180]},'马2':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,720]},'车1':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,90]},'车2':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[90,810]},'炮1':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[270,180]},'炮2':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[270,720]},'兵1':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[360,90]},'兵2':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[360,270]},'兵3':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[360,450]},'兵4':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[360,630]},'兵5':{'color':'red','now_weizhi':[360,810]}}heiqi = {'将':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,450]},'士1':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,360]},'士2':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,540]},'相1':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,270]},'相2':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,630]},'马1':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,180]},'马2':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,720]},'车1':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,90]},'车2':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[900,810]},'炮1':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[720,180]},'炮2':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[720,720]},'兵1':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[630,90]},'兵2':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[630,270]},'兵3':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[630,450]},'兵4':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[630,630]},'兵5':{'color':'black','now_weizhi':[630,810]}}#创建一个窗口screen = pygame.display.set_mode([1200,900])# 设置窗口标题pygame.display.set_caption("中国象棋")#定义两个存储棋子现在的状态backups1 = []backups2 = []#用于暂存所有棋子状态backup=copy.deepcopy([hongqi,heiqi])backups = []backups.append(backup)#鼠标第一次按下选择棋子running = True#在窗口画出棋盘以及按钮Draw_a_chessboard(screen)pygame.display.flip()clock = pygame.time.Clock()while True: Draw_a_chessboard_with_chessman(screen)#只有working为真才能落子，主要用于游戏结束后防止再次落子if working:if order:color = 'red'text('红棋落子',screen,54)else:color = 'black'text('黑棋落子',screen,54)#监听所有事件for event in pygame.event.get():#点击x则关闭窗口if event.type ==pygame.QUIT:pygame.quit()sys.exit()#点击窗口里面类容则完成相应指令 elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:if event.button == 1:x,y=event.pos[0],event.pos[1]if working:#鼠标第一次按下选择棋子if running:x,y = event.pos[0],event.pos[1]for key in hongqi.keys():if sqrt((hongqi[key]['now_weizhi'][0] - x)**2+(hongqi[key]['now_weizhi'][1]-y)**2) < r:backups1 = [key,hongqi[key]]for key in heiqi.keys():if sqrt((heiqi[key]['now_weizhi'][0] - x)**2+(heiqi[key]['now_weizhi'][1]-y)**2) < r:backups2 = [key,heiqi[key]]if backups1:#用于暂存棋子状态backups3 = copy.deepcopy(backups1)hongqi.pop(backups1[0])running = not runningelif backups2:#用于暂存棋子状态backups4 = copy.deepcopy(backups2)heiqi.pop(backups2[0])running = not running#鼠标再次按下，落下棋子else:if r < event.pos[0] < 900+r and r <event.pos[1] < 810+r:x = (event.pos[0]+r)//90*90y = (event.pos[1]+r)//90*90if backups1 :#红棋#判断是否符合走棋规则if weizhi_able(backups1[0],backups1[1]['color'],backups1[1]['now_weizhi'][0],backups1[1]['now_weizhi'][1],x,y) and order:#判断所走位置是否有棋子if weizhi_panduan(x,y):#判断是否为敌方棋子if backups1[1]['color'] != find(x,y)[2]:heiqi.pop(find(x,y)[0])hongqi[backups1[0]] = backups1[1]hongqi[backups1[0]]['now_weizhi'] = [x,y]backup=copy.deepcopy([hongqi,heiqi])backups.append(backup)order = not orderelse:hongqi[backups3[0]] = backups3[1]else:hongqi[backups1[0]] = backups1[1]hongqi[backups1[0]]['now_weizhi'] = [x,y]backup=copy.deepcopy([hongqi,heiqi])backups.append(backup)order = not orderelse:#若不符合走棋规则，返回原位置hongqi[backups3[0]] = backups3[1]backups1 = []running = not runningif '将' not in heiqi.keys():Draw_a_chessboard_with_chessman(screen)text('红棋胜利！',screen,30)pygame.display.flip()working = Falseelif backups2:#黑棋if weizhi_able(backups2[0],backups2[1]['color'],backups2[1]['now_weizhi'][0],backups2[1]['now_weizhi'][1],x,y) and not order:#判断所走位置是否有棋子if weizhi_panduan(x,y):#判断是否为敌方棋子if backups2[1]['color'] != find(x,y)[2]:hongqi.pop(find(x,y)[0])heiqi[backups2[0]] = backups2[1]heiqi[backups2[0]]['now_weizhi'] = [x,y]backup=copy.deepcopy([hongqi,heiqi])backups.append(backup)order = not orderelse:heiqi[backups4[0]] = backups4[1]else:heiqi[backups2[0]] = backups2[1]heiqi[backups2[0]]['now_weizhi'] = [x,y]backup=copy.deepcopy([hongqi,heiqi])backups.append(backup)order = not orderelse:heiqi[backups4[0]] = backups4[1]backups2=[]running=not runningif '将' not in hongqi.keys():Draw_a_chessboard_with_chessman(screen)text('黑棋胜利！',screen,30)pygame.display.flip()working = Falseelse:if backups1 :hongqi[backups1[0]] = backups3[1]backups1 = []running = not runningelif backups2:heiqi[backups2[0]] = backups4[1]backups2=[]running=not running#如果点击‘重新开始’if 900<x<1180 and 500<y<600:#取消阻止working=True#重新开始main()#点击‘退出游戏’，退出游戏elif 900<x<1180 and 700<y<8000:#播放音效pygame.quit()sys.exit() elif 900<x<1080 and 300<y<400 and len(backups)>1:#删除maps里最后一个元素del backups[len(backups)-1]hongqi=copy.deepcopy(backups[-1][0])heiqi=copy.deepcopy(backups[-1][1])#切换顺序order = not order#将map显示出来Draw_a_chessboard_with_chessman(screen)#悔棋完成，阻止再次悔棋x,y=0,0if __name__ == "__main__":try:main()except SystemExit:passexcept:traceback.print_exc()pygame.quit()input()

资源文件传送门：

CSDN下载：/download/zhugezuoyuan/12517251

蓝奏云：/isymOdkxt3i

下载解压之后会有一个字体文件，不需要安装，exe文件可以直接运行，源代码就是源码.py

好了，今天的免费福利就到这里，我们下次再见！