【JAVA进阶系列】JAVA 设计模式 -- 抽象工厂模式(Abstract Factory)
【1.1】抽象工厂模式简介
抽象工厂者模式的类结构图
AbstractProduct(抽象产品)，AbstractProduct角色定义AbstractFactory角色所生成的抽象产品接口；
AbstractFactory(抽象工厂)，AbstractFactory角色定义用于生成抽象产品的接口；
Client(委托者)，Client角色仅仅调用AbstractFactory角色和AbstractProduct角色的接口进行工作，并不知道产品、工厂的具体实现；
ConcreteProduct(具体产品)，ConcreteProduct角色负责实现AbstractProduct角色的接口；
ConcreteFactory(具体工厂)，ConcreteFactory角色负责实现AbstractFactory角色的接口；
【1.2】抽象工厂模式的 JAVA 代码实现
代码类结构图示
代码源码示例
Main 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {// Factory factory = Factory.getFactory("AbstractFactory.Sample.listfactory.ListFactory");Factory factory = Factory.getFactory("AbstractFactory.Sample.tablefactory.TableFactory");Link people = factory.createLink("人民日报", "/");Link gmw = factory.createLink("光明日报", "/");Link us_yahoo = factory.createLink("Yahoo!", "/");Link jp_yahoo = factory.createLink("Yahoo!Japan", "http://www.yahoo.co.jp/");Link excite = factory.createLink("Excite", "/");Link google = factory.createLink("Google", "/");Tray traynews = factory.createTray("日报");traynews.add(people);traynews.add(gmw);Tray trayyahoo = factory.createTray("Yahoo!");trayyahoo.add(us_yahoo);trayyahoo.add(jp_yahoo);Tray traysearch = factory.createTray("检索引擎");traysearch.add(trayyahoo);traysearch.add(excite);traysearch.add(google);Page page = factory.createPage("LinkPage", "杨文轩");page.add(traynews);page.add(traysearch);page.output();}}
factory.Factory 类
public abstract class Factory {public static Factory getFactory(String classname) {Factory factory = null;try {factory = (Factory)Class.forName(classname).newInstance();} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {System.err.println("没有找到 " + classname + "类。");} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return factory;}public abstract Link createLink(String caption, String url);public abstract Tray createTray(String caption);public abstract Page createPage(String title, String author);}
factory.Item 类
public abstract class Item {protected String caption;public Item(String caption) {this.caption = caption;}public abstract String makeHTML();}
factory.Link 类
public abstract class Link extends Item {protected String url;public Link(String caption, String url) {super(caption);this.url = url;}}
factory.Page 类
import java.io.*;import java.util.ArrayList;public abstract class Page {protected String title;protected String author;protected ArrayList content = new ArrayList();public Page(String title, String author) {this.title = title;this.author = author;}public void add(Item item) {content.add(item);}public void output() {try {String filename = title + ".html";Writer writer = new FileWriter(filename);writer.write(this.makeHTML());writer.close();System.out.println(filename + " 编写完成。");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public abstract String makeHTML();}
factory.Tray 类
import java.util.ArrayList;public abstract class Tray extends Item {protected ArrayList tray = new ArrayList();public Tray(String caption) {super(caption);}public void add(Item item) {tray.add(item);}}
listfactory.ListFactory 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;public class ListFactory extends Factory {public Link createLink(String caption, String url) {return new ListLink(caption, url);}public Tray createTray(String caption) {return new ListTray(caption);}public Page createPage(String title, String author) {return new ListPage(title, author);}}
listfactory.ListLink 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;public class ListLink extends Link {public ListLink(String caption, String url) {super(caption, url);}public String makeHTML() {return " <li><a href=\"" + url + "\">" + caption + "</a></li>\n";}}
listfactory.ListPage 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;import java.util.Iterator;public class ListPage extends Page {public ListPage(String title, String author) {super(title, author);}public String makeHTML() {StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();buffer.append("<html><head><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n");buffer.append("<body>\n");buffer.append("<h1>" + title + "</h1>\n");buffer.append("<ul>\n");Iterator it = content.iterator();while (it.hasNext()) {Item item = (Item)it.next();buffer.append(item.makeHTML());}buffer.append("</ul>\n");buffer.append("<hr><address>" + author + "</address>");buffer.append("</body></html>\n");return buffer.toString();}}
listfactory.ListTray 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;import java.util.Iterator;public class ListTray extends Tray {public ListTray(String caption) {super(caption);}public String makeHTML() {StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();buffer.append("<li>\n");buffer.append(caption + "\n");buffer.append("<ul>\n");Iterator it = tray.iterator();while (it.hasNext()) {Item item = (Item)it.next();buffer.append(item.makeHTML());}buffer.append("</ul>\n");buffer.append("</li>\n");return buffer.toString();}}
tablefactory.TableFactory 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;public class TableFactory extends Factory {public Link createLink(String caption, String url) {return new TableLink(caption, url);}public Tray createTray(String caption) {return new TableTray(caption);}public Page createPage(String title, String author) {return new TablePage(title, author);}}
tablefactory.TableLink 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;public class TableLink extends Link {public TableLink(String caption, String url) {super(caption, url);}public String makeHTML() {return "<td><a href=\"" + url + "\">" + caption + "</a></td>\n";}}
tablefactory.TablePage 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;import java.util.Iterator;public class TablePage extends Page {public TablePage(String title, String author) {super(title, author);}public String makeHTML() {StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();buffer.append("<html><head><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n");buffer.append("<body>\n");buffer.append("<h1>" + title + "</h1>\n");buffer.append("<table width=\"80%\" border=\"3\">\n");Iterator it = content.iterator();while (it.hasNext()) {Item item = (Item)it.next();buffer.append("<tr>" + item.makeHTML() + "</tr>");}buffer.append("</table>\n");buffer.append("<hr><address>" + author + "</address>");buffer.append("</body></html>\n");return buffer.toString();}}
tablefactory.TableTray 类
import AbstractFactory.Sample.factory.*;import java.util.Iterator;public class TableTray extends Tray {public TableTray(String caption) {super(caption); // 使用super(...)表达式 }public String makeHTML() {StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();buffer.append("<td>");buffer.append("<table width=\"100%\" border=\"1\"><tr>");buffer.append("<td bgcolor=\"#cccccc\" align=\"center\" colspan=\""+ tray.size() + "\"><b>" + caption + "</b></td>");buffer.append("</tr>\n");buffer.append("<tr>\n");Iterator it = tray.iterator();while (it.hasNext()) {Item item = (Item)it.next();buffer.append(item.makeHTML());}buffer.append("</tr></table>");buffer.append("</td>");return buffer.toString();}}
参考致谢
本博客为博主学习笔记，同时参考了网上众博主的博文以及相关专业书籍，在此表示感谢，本文若存在不足之处，请批评指正。
【1】图解设计模式
