600字范文 > RCWL-0516微波雷达感应开关人体感应传感器迷你多普勒雷达

RCWL-0516微波雷达感应开关人体感应传感器迷你多普勒雷达

时间：2022-03-24 22:23:33

➤00微波雷达感应开关

今天刚刚接到在TB购买的RCWL-0516微波感应开关模块。和前几天测试的24G微波人体感应模块相比，它（¥4.15）比起24G微波人体感应模块(¥8.8)更加的偏移。

下面对于这款模块进行初步的测试。

▲ RCWL-0516微波感应开关

这个模块的工作原理被称为：自振混频器原理和多普勒效应。

➤01模块的基本应用

1.外形和基本组件

采用专用信号处理控制芯片RCWL-9196宽工作电压范围：4.0 ~ 28V与传统的红外感应PIR相比，具有穿透探测能力；封锁时间距离可调整；模块可以输出3.3V电源。▲ RCWL-0516模块外形

2.基本参数

▲ 模块的基本参数性能

3.输出管脚功能定义

▲ 模块的输出管脚定义▲ 外部输出管脚功能定义3V3：模块试试3.3V电源。100mA对外部的供电能力；GND: 模块电源地；OUT：控制信号输出。当监测区域内有物体移动是，OUT输出高电平。C-TM可以设置重复出发时间。如果从出发时间内有触发信号（有物体移动），持续输出高电平。如果监测区域内没有以动物体，输出低电平。VIN：模块电源输入：4 ~ 28VCDS：触发控制信号。小于0.7V，OUT一直输出低电平。如果大于3.3V，检测正常工作。CDS管脚外接光敏电阻，可以在白天关闭模块功能。

4.使用说明

(1) C-TM：

调节触时间。默认的出发时间为2s。增加电容容量会增加重复出发时间。实际计算重复出发时间可以通过如下操作确定：C-TM上贴上电容。测量9196的3管脚信号的频率fpin3f_{pin3}fpin3。那么重复出发时间T等于：T=32768fpin3T = {{32768} \over {f_{pin3} }}T=fpin332768

(2) R-CN

调节距离。接电阻，检测距离变小。如果没有接电阻，检测距离在7M左右。接1MΩ左右德玛得是，探测距离月5M。客户可以根据实际情况进行调节。

(3) R-CDS

内部VCC通过R-CDS与内部的1M电阻并联到CDS（即RCWL-9196的PIN9）。CDS处届光敏电阻，可以完结关闭模块检测功能。可以根据实际需要环境亮度来设计中R-CDS值。

▲ 感应器的检测范围

5.注意事项

感应正面不等有任何的金属遮挡；感应面的前应该预留1CM以上的空间；模块与安装载体的平面尽可能保持平行；一定探测区域内应用有效；模块的有元器件面为正感应面，反面为负感应面。负感应面的效果较差；微博模块不能够在一个区域内大规模应用。会出现相互的干扰。单个个体之间的距离；该大于1M以上。U1除了PIN8以外，其余的管脚与B1SS0001兼容。功能也兼容。

➤02初步测试

1.静态测试

供电+5V：工作电流大约2 ~ 3 mA。

2.各管脚电压

3.测试对于运动物体感应

在模块前方运动手掌，上下运动或者前后运动，都可以引起模块的输出。手掌距离模块大约50厘米左右。

▲ 测试对于手掌运动的感应

在模块前方的一定区域，人体的运动均可以引起模块的输出感应信号。

➤03原理分析

1.原理图

下图给出了来自于RCWL-0516原理图给出的模块的原理图。这是由澳大利亚墨尔本的的Roger Clark（自由作家、咨询师和开发工程师）给出的一些分析资料。

▲ Roger Clark

在上述原理图中，提到RCWL-9196除了PIN8之外，其余的各项功能都与BISS0001（专门用于PIR：人体热释电红外传感器检测）IC。

微波核心是以微波晶体管MMBR941LT1组成的电容三点振荡为核心的。但是该电路如何完成对微波反射（多普勒）信号的检测的基本原理尚不太清楚。

2.在GITHUB上的资料

Jdesbonet在GITHUB上关于给出了RCWL-0516资料。并对该模块的基本原理进行的解释。相关的实验也验证了模块的部分性能。

关于RCWL-0516的工作频率，Jdesbonnet通过HackRF One SDR Radio检测到3.181GHz的载波。并显示了传感器前挥动手引起载频的变化。

▲ 在模块前挥动手所引起的载频频谱的变化

下面是相关的原理图：

对于后期低频信号处理采用了RWCL-9196芯片。其内部的功能框图为：

▲ RCWL-9196内部功能图

➤04进一步信号测量

通过03-2中GITHUB上的关于RCWL-9196内部的功能描述，可以看到在RCWL-9196的PIN16输出了对于微波检测信号的放大信号。

1.直接测试PIN16信号

使用示波器探头可以测量到这个变化的信号。

▲ 在RCWL-9196PIN16管脚测量变化的信号

2.测量滑轨上运动单面覆铜板

使用在博文蜗杆单轨滑轨的驱动的统一接口提到的单轨滑轨带动一块单面覆铜板与RCWL-0516模块相向运动。

由滑轨带动的覆铜板运动，引起RCWL-9196的PIN16管脚的电压上下波动。

▲ 运动的单面覆铜板引起电压上下波动

3.舵机带动敷铜板摆动

使用舵机带动覆铜板进行前后摆动，测量RCWL-9196的PIN16管脚的输出波形如下。

▲ 覆铜板在舵机带动下前后摆动

➤05采集波形分析

使用DS6104数字示波器采集RCWL-9196的PIN16波形进行分析。下图使用采集模式为High Resolution模式，获得的采集到的电压波形。

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▲ 舵机带动覆铜板前后摆动▲ 舵机带动覆铜板前后摆动