目录
一、说明二、理解三、实现1.导入jar包2.用户认证3.发送邮件创建步骤简单的Email带HTML的E-mail带图片的Email包含附件的邮件一、说明
邮件服务器
为用户提供接收邮件的功能， 有发邮件的SMTP服务器，收邮件的POP3服务器
电子邮箱
用户在邮件服务器上申请的账户
邮件客户端
通常使用IMAP/APOP/POP3/SMTP协议收发电子邮件的软件
邮件传输协议
SMTP协议(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)简单邮件传输协议(默认端口25)，邮件客户端和SMTP邮件服务器之间通信规则
POP/POP3协议(Post Office Protocol)邮件接收协议(默认端口110)，把存储在POP协议邮件服务器的邮件下载到用户计算机中，但不能对邮件进行在线操作
IMAP协议(Internet Message Access Protocol)Internet消息访问协议(默认端口143)，可以通过客户端直接对服务器上的邮件在线操作
邮件发送基本流程
二、理解
Session类
定义邮件配置信息
Message类
实例对象表示一份电子邮件
Transport类
实现邮件发送协议对象
Store类
实现邮件接受协议对象
三、实现
1.导入jar包
使用Java应用程序发送E-mail需要JavaMail API 和Java Activation Framework (JAF)
JavaMail jar包下载：JavaMail mail.jar 1.4.5
Java activation jar 包下载：JavaBeans™ Activation Framework
2.用户认证
什么是授权码？
授权码是QQ邮箱推出的，用于登录第三方客户端的专用密码适用于登录以下服务：POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务
怎么获取授权码？
QQ邮箱需要手动开启POP3/SMTP服务，开启后会得到邮箱客户端连接的授权密码，登录其它邮件客户端需要此授权码
设置用户认证以及SSL加密
// 设置用户认证以及SSL加密properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);// 获取默认session对象Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties,new Authenticator(){public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {//设置发件人邮件用户名、授权码return new PasswordAuthentication("xxxxxxxx@", "vyvvxhilstaxbffb");}});
3.发送邮件
创建步骤
配置连接邮件协议、服务器参数设置用户认证，获取session对象设置发件人，收件人创建邮件MimeMessage对象设置邮件标题，正文，附件等发送邮件简单的Email
创建SendEmail类，发送一封简单的Email
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;import java.util.Properties;import javax.mail.Authenticator;import javax.mail.Message;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;import javax.mail.Session;import javax.mail.Transport;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;public class SendEmail {public static void main(String [] args) throws GeneralSecurityException {// 收件人电子邮箱String toEmail = "xxxxxxx@";// 发件人电子邮箱String fromEmail = "xxxxxxxxx@";// 指定发送邮件的主机为QQ 邮件服务器 String emailHost = "";// 邮件接收的协议String storeType = "pop3";// 获取系统属性Properties properties = System.getProperties();// 设置邮件服务器properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", emailHost);// 设置用户认证以及SSL加密properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);// 获取默认session对象Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties,new Authenticator(){public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {//设置发件人邮件用户名、授权码return new PasswordAuthentication("xxxxxxxx@", "xxxxxxxxxxxx");}});try{// 创建默认的 MimeMessage 对象MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);// SetFrom 设置发件人message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(fromEmail));// SetTo 设置收件人message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toEmail));// SetSubject 设置标题message.setSubject("Hello! This is the Subject Line!");// 设置邮件正文message.setText("I'm Yeats_Liao");// 发送邮件Transport.send(message);System.out.println("Sent message successfully");}catch (MessagingException mex) {mex.printStackTrace();}}}
带HTML的E-mail
使用.setContent()方法设置HTML内容，发送一封 HTML E-mail
message.setContent("<h1>You Have a Promotion</h1> " +"<h3>Your First Name :</h3>" +"<h3>Your Last Name :</h3>" +"<h5>Your Employee ID :</h5>" ,"text/html");
带图片的Email
DataHandler类为在多种不同源和格式下可用的数据提供一致的接口文字附带图片MimeMultipart的类型必须是related图片的显示方式Disposition必须为INLINE必须明确指定Content-Type头信息(Content-Type，image/png)package com.bedroom;import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;import java.util.Properties;import javax.activation.DataHandler;import javax.activation.FileDataSource;import javax.mail.*;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;public class SendEmail {public static void main(String [] args) throws GeneralSecurityException {// 收件人电子邮箱String toEmail = "xxxxxxxxx@";// 发件人电子邮箱String fromEmail = "xxxxxxxxx@";// 指定发送邮件的主机为QQ 邮件服务器 String emailHost = "";// 邮件接收的协议String storeType = "pop3";// 获取系统属性Properties properties = System.getProperties();// 设置邮件服务器properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", emailHost);// 设置用户认证以及SSL加密properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);// 获取默认session对象Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties,new Authenticator(){public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {//设置发件人邮件用户名、授权码return new PasswordAuthentication("xxxxxxxxxx@", "xxxxxxxxxx");}});try{// 创建默认的 MimeMessage 对象MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);// SetFrom 设置发件人message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(fromEmail));// SetTo 设置收件人 To收件人 CC抄送 BCC密送message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toEmail));// SetSubject 设置标题message.setSubject("Hello! This is the Subject Line!");// 设置邮件正文，一个Multipart对象包含一个或多个bodypart对象MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();// 读取本地图片，将图片数据添加到节点MimeBodyPart image_1 = new MimeBodyPart();image_1.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\Project\\ideaProject\\Demo2\\file\\1.png")));image_1.setContentID("image_1");image_1.setDisposition(MimeBodyPart.INLINE);image_1.setHeader("Content-Type", "image/png");//创建文本节点，添加正文数据MimeBodyPart text_1 = new MimeBodyPart();text_1.setContent("I'm Yeats_Liao" +"</br><img src=\"cid:image_1\">","text/html;charset=UTF-8");//将文本和图片添加到multipart，描述数据关系multipart.addBodyPart(text_1);multipart.addBodyPart(image_1);multipart.setSubType("related");// 将multipart节点，设置到消息中message.setContent(multipart);// 保存设置message.saveChanges();// 发送邮件Transport.send(message);System.out.println("Sent message successfully");}catch (MessagingException mex) {mex.printStackTrace();}}}
包含附件的邮件
package com.bedroom;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;import java.util.Properties;import javax.activation.DataHandler;import javax.activation.FileDataSource;import javax.mail.*;import javax.mail.internet.*;import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;public class SendEmail {public static void main(String [] args) throws GeneralSecurityException {// 收件人电子邮箱String toEmail = "xxxxxxxx@";// 发件人电子邮箱String fromEmail = "xxxxxxx@";// 指定发送邮件的主机为QQ 邮件服务器 String emailHost = "";// 邮件接收的协议String storeType = "pop3";// 获取系统属性Properties properties = System.getProperties();// 设置邮件服务器properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", emailHost);// 设置用户认证以及SSL加密properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);// 获取默认session对象Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties,new Authenticator(){public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {//设置发件人邮件用户名、授权码return new PasswordAuthentication("xxxxxxxx@", "xxxxxxxx");}});try{// 创建默认的 MimeMessage 对象MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);// SetFrom 设置发件人message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(fromEmail));// SetTo 设置收件人 To收件人 CC抄送 BCC密送message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toEmail));// SetSubject 设置标题message.setSubject("Hello! This is the Subject Line!");// 设置邮件正文，一个Multipart对象包含一个或多个bodypart对象MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();// 读取本地图片，将图片数据添加到节点MimeBodyPart image_1 = new MimeBodyPart();image_1.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\Project\\ideaProject\\Demo2\\file\\1.png")));image_1.setContentID("image_1");image_1.setDisposition(MimeBodyPart.INLINE);image_1.setHeader("Content-Type", "image/png");//创建文本节点，添加正文数据MimeBodyPart text_1 = new MimeBodyPart();text_1.setContent("I'm Yeats_Liao" +"</br><img src=\"cid:image_1\">","text/html;charset=UTF-8");//创建附件节点，读取本地文件，并读取附件名称MimeBodyPart file1 = new MimeBodyPart();DataHandler dataHandler2 = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\Project\\ideaProject\\Demo2\\file\\1.txt"));file1.setDataHandler(dataHandler2);file1.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(dataHandler2.getName()));//将文本和图片添加到multipart，描述数据关系multipart.addBodyPart(text_1);multipart.addBodyPart(image_1);multipart.addBodyPart(file1);multipart.setSubType("mixed");// 将multipart节点，设置到消息中message.setContent(multipart);// 保存设置message.saveChanges();// 发送邮件Transport.send(message);System.out.println("Sent message successfully");}catch (MessagingException | UnsupportedEncodingException mex) {mex.printStackTrace();}}}
如果还需添加收件人或抄送人，.addRecipient()方法即可，To收件人 CC 抄送 BCC密送
message.addRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("xxxxxxx@","personal","UTF-8"));
