If you’re a veteran of Windows, you’re probably familiar with using Task Manager to deal with applications that freeze or checking memory usage. On a Mac, those tasks fall to a Force Quit dialog or a utility called Activity Monitor, which has shipped with every version of Mac OS X and macOS since 2000. Here’s how to use them.
如果您是Windows的资深人士，则可能熟悉使用任务管理器来处理冻结或检查内存使用情况的应用程序。 在Mac上，这些任务将落入“强制退出”对话框或称为“ 活动监视器”的实用程序，该实用程序自2000年以来随Mac OS X和macOS的每个版本一起提供。这是使用它们的方法。
用“强制退出”终止顽固的程序 (Terminating Stubborn Programs with “Force Quit”)
If you’re familiar with pressing Ctrl+Alt+Delete on a Windows PC to kill a stubborn program, you’ll be glad to know that a similar three-finger combo exists on the Mac. When a program becomes unresponsive, simply press Command+Option+Esc to open the “Force Quit Applications” dialog.
如果您熟悉Windows PC上的Ctrl + Alt + Delete来杀死顽固的程序，您会很高兴知道Mac上也存在类似的三指组合。 当程序无响应时，只需按Command + Option + Esc即可打开“强制退出应用程序”对话框 。
A window will pop up that lists currently running apps. To close a stubborn one that refuses to quit normally, select it from the list, and click the “Force Quit” button.
将弹出一个窗口，列出当前正在运行的应用程序。 要关闭一个拒绝正常退出的顽固用户，请从列表中选择它，然后单击“强制退出”按钮。
After asking for confirmation, macOS will close the application you selected. Very handy.
要求确认后，macOS将关闭您选择的应用程序。 非常便利。
更详细地进行故障排除：活动监视器 (Troubleshooting with More Detail: Activity Monitor)
If you have a deeper system resource issue to look into on a Mac, such as memory consumption or detailed information on a particular app or process, you’ll want to use Activity Monitor. By default, Activity Monitor lives in a folder called “Utilities” within your Applications folder on your Mac.
如果要在Mac上研究更深的系统资源问题，例如内存消耗或特定应用程序或进程的详细信息，则需要使用“活动监视器”。 默认情况下，“活动监视器”位于Mac上“应用程序”文件夹中的“实用程序”文件夹中。
One of the fastest ways to open Activity Monitor is by using Spotlight. To open “Spotlight,” click the small “magnifying glass” icon in your menu bar (or press Command+Space).
打开活动监视器的最快方法之一是使用Spotlight。 要打开“聚光灯”，请单击菜单栏中的小“放大镜”图标(或按Command + Space)。
When the “Spotlight Search” bar appears, type “activity monitor,” and hit “Return.” Or you can click the “Activity Monitor.app” icon in the Spotlight results.
当出现“ Spotlight Search”栏时，键入“活动监视器”，然后单击“返回”。 或者，您可以单击Spotlight结果中的“ Activity Monitor.app”图标。
Once the “Activity Monitor” window opens, you will see a list of all the processes running on your Mac, similar to this:
一旦“活动监视器”窗口打开，您将看到Mac上正在运行的所有进程的列表，如下所示：
Using the five tabs across the top of the window, you can visit displays that show information on running processes sorted by CPU usage (“CPU”), memory usage (“Memory”), energy usage (“Energy”), disk usage (“Disk”), and network usage (“Network”). Click the tab corresponding to the section you’d like to visit.
使用窗口顶部的五个选项卡，您可以访问显示的信息，这些信息按CPU使用率(“ CPU”)，内存使用率(“ Memory”)，能源使用率(“ Energy”)，磁盘使用率( “磁盘”)和网络使用情况(“网络”)。 点击与您要访问的部分相对应的标签。
At any time while listing processes, you can select a process from the list, and click the “Stop” button (which looks like an octagon with an “x” inside it) to force it to quit, or click the “Inspect” button (an “i” in a circle) to see more information about the process.
在列出进程的任何时候，您都可以从列表中选择一个进程，然后单击“停止”按钮(看起来像带有“ x”的八边形)以强制退出，或单击“检查”按钮(圆圈中的“ i”)以查看有关该过程的更多信息。
And if you’re overwhelmed by the number of processes listed, you can narrow them down using the “View” menu up in the menu bar. For example, you could select “My Processes,” to see only a list of processes associated with your user account.
而且，如果您对列出的进程数量感到不知所措，则可以使用菜单栏中的“查看”菜单来缩小范围。 例如，您可以选择“我的进程”，以仅查看与您的用户帐户关联的进程列表。
You can also search for a process using the search bar in the upper-right corner of the window. Just type in the name of the app or process you’re looking for, and it will appear in the list (if it is currently running).
您也可以使用窗口右上角的搜索栏搜索过程。 只需输入您要查找的应用程序或进程的名称，它就会出现在列表中(如果当前正在运行)。
Activity Monitor is very handy, so take some time to explore it, and you’ll become that much more adept at using it to troubleshoot your Mac. Have fun!
Activity Monitor非常方便，因此花一些时间对其进行探索，您将变得更加熟练使用它来对Mac进行故障排除 。 玩得开心！
翻译自: /686337/wheres-the-task-manager-on-a-mac/
