方式：
1.手动登入，获取cookie
2.使用cookielib库 和 HTTPCookieProcessor处理器
#_*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
‘‘‘
Created on 7月13日
@author: sss
‘‘‘
import urllib.request
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import random
import ssl
# url = ‘/account/ajax/login_process/‘
url = "/people/%E4%BD%99%E6%9D%BE"
#表示忽视未经核实的ssl证书认证
context = ssl._create_unverified_context()
#user-agent列表，每次请求随机选一个：
ua_list = [
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0)like Gecko",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; PPC Mac OS X ",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS "
]
user_agent = random.choice(ua_list)
headers = {
‘User_Agent‘ : user_agent,
‘Cookie‘: ‘mcb__Session=giq2h72grr3643fcobi88el8t4; Hm_lvt_bad1d0a80942d2554f202adea54e0555=1530434463,1530703915,1531411239,1531451926; mcb__user_login=2M7Kkb9knW5lU51m2dae05ejlZ6Vw45dR-3NFgP1gm2Q1cem1bDVqJWQv2SZlZyTmWiVaJWeZ2SbkWRmyZuTZZXHx2XGncyYaWqbnA..; Hm_lpvt_bad1d0a80942d2554f202adea54e0555=1531452044If-Modified-Since: Fri, 13 Jul 03:39:06 GMT‘
}
formdata = {
"user_name" : "name",
"password" : "password"
}
data = urllib.parse.urlencode(formdata).encode(encoding=‘utf_8‘)
request = urllib.request.Request(url, headers = headers, data = data)
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request, context = context)
print(response.read())
print(‘finish!‘)
#_*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
‘‘‘
Created on 7月14日
@author: sss
function: 用账号登入qmx,爬去个人页面
‘‘‘
import urllib
import http.cookiejar
#构建一个CookieJar对象实例来保存cookie
cookiejar = http.cookiejar.CookieJar()
#使用HTTPCookieProcessor()来创建cookie处理器对象，参数为CookieJar()对象的值
Handler = urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookiejar)
#构建opener
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(Handler)
#addheaders 接受一个列表，里面每个元素都是一个headers信息的元组，opener将附带headers信息
opener.addheaders = [(‘User-Agent‘, "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.99 Safari/537.36")]
#需要登入密码和账户
data = {
"user_name" : "name",
"password" : "password"
}
#data转码
postdata = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode(encoding=‘utf_8‘)
#url
url = ‘/account/ajax/login_process/‘
#构建request请求对象，包含要发送的数据
request = urllib.request.Request(url, data = postdata)
#以get方法访问页面访问之后会自动保存cookie到cookiejar中
f = opener.open(request) #网址后面必须要有/
print(f.read().decode(‘utf-8‘))
print(‘访问登入后界面：‘)
#个人主页的urL
url = ‘/people/xxxxxxxx‘ #x换成自己的
#opener包含用户登入后的cookie值，可以直接访问登入后的页面
response = opener.open(url)
html = response.read()
with open(‘qmx_ys_person.html‘, ‘wb+‘) as f:
f.write(html)
# print(html)
print(‘个人界面下载完毕！‘)
response = opener.open(‘http://210.42.38.26:84/jwc_glxt/Login.aspx?xttc=1‘)
print(‘finish!‘)
