数据库乱码问题主要都是因为字符集设置的有问题！
1、在数据库里通过查看配置的字符集：
数据库可以设置的字符集有：
mysql> show character set;
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |
| dec8 | DEC West European| dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS West European| cp850_general_ci | 1 |
| hp8 | HP West European| hp8_english_ci | 1 |
| koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 |
| latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 |
| latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 |
| swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 |
| ascii | US ASCII| ascii_general_ci | 1 |
| ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 |
| sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese| sjis_japanese_ci | 2 |
| hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew| hebrew_general_ci | 1 |
| tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 |
| euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 |
| koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian| koi8u_general_ci | 1 |
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 |
| greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek| greek_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 |
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 |
| latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish| latin5_turkish_ci | 1 |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian| armscii8_general_ci | 1 |
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 |
| cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 |
| keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 |
| macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 |
| macroman | Mac West European| macroman_general_ci | 1 |
| cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 |
| latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic| latin7_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic| cp1251_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 |
| cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 |
| binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 |
| geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian| geostd8_general_ci | 1 |
| cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 |
| eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
36 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
其中主要常使用的有：
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 | mysql默认字符集
| gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 | 系统默认字符集
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 | 中英文混合时使用
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 | 大量中文字符集
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
查看数据库当前使用的字符集：
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name| Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 | #客户端字符集
| character_set_connection | utf8 | #连接字符集
| character_set_database | utf8 | #数据库字符集，配置文件制定或建库表指定
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 | 返回结果字符集
| character_set_server | utf8 | 服务器字符集，配置文件指定或建库表指定
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
