语法系列复习专题——虚拟语气 倒装句型_高三英语教案

虚拟语气

虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。

一、虚拟语气在单句中的用法

常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。例如：

long live the peoples republic of china!中华人民共和国万岁！

be happy! 快乐！

have a good time! 玩得愉快！

succeed! 成功！

make progress! 进步！

二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法：

1．在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法

1）表示与现在事实相反

条件从句主句

一般过去时（be多用于were）would/should/could/might＋动词原形

例如：if i were you,i should accept the invitation.

如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。

if i had time,i would go there.

如果我有空，我就去那儿。

2）与过去事实相反

条件从句主句

过去完成时would/should/could/might＋have done

例如：if you had come earlier,you couldnt/wouldnt have missed the bus.

如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。

if he had seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.

如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。

3）与将来事实可能相反

条件从句主句

一般过去时（be多用were）

should do,were to dowould/should/could/might＋动词原形

例如：if it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow,the sports meet would be

put off.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。）

if you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass,it would break.

万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。

4）if的省略

如果条件句中有were,had,should 等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should