高考英语考前语法精讲精练-动词及动词短语
1 (全国卷,26) I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with B.put up with C. turn to D.stick to
【解析】B。考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是脏我讨厌。”come up with想出, 提出；put up with 忍受, 容忍；turn to转向，翻书到，求助于，(使)变成；stick to坚持，紧跟，粘住，忠于。不整洁的;凌乱的
2（全国卷,34）William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to .
A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage
【解析】C。考查动词的辨析。disappear消失，不复存在；fall降落，跌倒，降低；fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱；damage损害, 毁坏, 加害于。句意为“William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退了。”“increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程，故选C。
3（全国卷II,10）Mary, I_____John of his promise to help you.
A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised
【解析】B考查动词的辨析。句意为“玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind… of…就…提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起…；warn含有警告的意思。
4（天津卷,6）I a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
A.borrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered
【解析】B考查动词的辨析。句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后，我在银行开了帐户。”open a bank account在银行开帐户。
5（江苏卷,28）——Are you still mad at her?
——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.
A．deny B．refuse C．reject D．decline
【解析】A考查动词的辨析。句意为“——你还生她的气吗？— —不见得，但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。”deny否认，否定；refuse，reject ，decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。故选A。
6 （福建卷,28）I’d prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show B. express C.pass D.reserve
【解析】D考查动词的辨析。句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。”reserve预订或保留(座位、住处等)，推迟，留到以后，与后面的until相一致。
7 （安徽卷,21）As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops
【解析】D考查动词的辨析。句意为“随着故事的展开，这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。”develop开发, 发展，把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来。根据句意选D。
8 （湖北卷,26）Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also________ our thinking.
A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve
【解析】B考查动词的辨析。句意为“如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。”direct指示, 指引，导演（戏剧或电影）；指挥（管弦乐队）；limit限制；change改变；improve改进，改善。根据句中but的转折选B。
9 （湖北卷,27）The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”
A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult
【解析】A考查动词的辨析。negotiate谈判；quarrel吵架，争吵；argue辩论，争辩；consult商议,咨询。句意为“部长说："我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论，但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。’”根据句意选A。
10（湖北卷,28）Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.
A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate
【解析】D考查动词的辨析。句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明：比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计，这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。”operate手术，操作；strenghten加强；approve赞成；accumulate积累，（数量）逐渐增加。故选D。
11（湖北卷,29）The government has taken measures to _________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down
【解析】B考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。”take down拆卸，记录，记下；bring down使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕，击败，降(价)；hand down把…传递下来，遗留; 流传；tear down拆毁; 拆卸。根据后面的“保持市场的稳定”选B。
12 （辽宁卷,22）What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You"re to be asleep.
A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered
【解析】A考查动词的辨析。句意为“Tom，你不睡觉做什么？你现在应该睡觉。”out of bed未上床，起床的意思，be supposed to do应当，应该。
13（辽宁卷,24）You are old enough to your own living.
A.win B. gain C. take D. earn
【解析】D考查动词的辨析。句意为“你长大了，可以自谋生路了。”earn one’s living 谋生，固定搭配。
14 (辽宁卷,26) The exam results will be on Fr iday afternoon.
A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away
【解析】C考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。”put down放下，平定, 镇压，记下；put off推迟；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿；put away放好，储存，抛弃。根据句意选C。
15（天津卷,8）She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
A.turned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across
【解析】D考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“昨天在百货商店购物时，她遇上了她的老朋友。”turn down拒绝；deal with对付，处理；take after 长得像，性格类似于，效仿；come across穿过, 越过，偶然遇见。
16（山东卷,25）They are broadening the bridge to ________ the flow of traffic.
A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out
【解析】B考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。”put off推迟；speed up加快；turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等），(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋；work out算出，实现。拓宽桥梁的目的是加快交通流量，故选B。
17（江苏卷,30）——You look upset. What’s the matter？
—— I had my proposal _______ again.
A．turned over B．turned on C．turned off D．turned down
【解析】D考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“——你看上去不高兴，怎么啦？——我的建议又遭到拒绝了。”turn over翻身，翻转，把……移交；turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等），(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋；turn off关掉（电器、水龙头等），使厌烦；turn down关小（音量等），拒绝。根据句意选D。
18（福建卷,31）Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing.
A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back
【解析】A考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重与人分享的教育。”bring up教育，养育(孩子)，呕吐(食物)；turn down关小（音量等），拒绝；look after照顾；hold back阻碍，抑制，隐瞒。
19（安徽卷, 34）If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon
【解析】A考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要，你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。”come across偶然遇到；care about关心，在乎；look for寻找；focus upon专注于。
20 (浙江卷,6) The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to __________it,
A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with
【解析】A考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的，但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用，尽量好好去做；get away from逃离；keep an eye on照看,，留心; 注意；catch up with追上，赶上。对照现在和过去对学校态度的变化，选A。
21 (浙江卷,12) He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up
【解析】D考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“他决定一路驾车回家，不在旅馆留宿。”put down放下，平定, 镇压，记下；put off推迟；put on穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿。根据句意选D。
22 (四川卷,7) To get a better grade, you should ______the notes again before the test.
A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over
【解析】A考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“为了获得好成绩，你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。”go over审查，复习，重温从头到尾检查一遍；get over越过，完成，克服(困难)，从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来；turn over翻身，翻转，把……移交；take over接管; 接替。
23（四川卷,14）I often the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.
A.look up B.look at C. look for D.look into
【解析】A考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。”look up查（单词、电话号码等）；look at看，注视(某人或某物)；look for寻找；look into深入地检查，研究，调查。
24 （陕西卷,25）Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out
【解析】C考查短语动词的辨析。take in吸收，欺骗；take off拿走, 取下，脱去（衣服等），起飞；take on承担，呈现，雇用；take out把…带出去，清除, 除掉。句意为“一些昆虫为了保护自己，让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。”
25 (江西卷35) You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ____ as you expect.
A.run out B.break out C.work out D. put out.
【解析】C考查短语动词的辨析。run out 耗尽；break out 打破；work out 算出，实现；put out 扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现”选C。
26 (10全国1) The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side Up”
A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed
【解析】D动词词义辨析句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上 “此面向上”。 选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词, 此题考查动词的词义辨析。carry 译为搬运, deliver译为递送, press译为按, 压, pack译为打包。
27（10全国2）My mother opened drawer to _________the knives and spoons.
A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together
【解析】A考查动词词组辨析。put away 放好, 收拾起来；put up举起, 搭建, 张贴, 挂起；put on 穿上, 戴上；put together 组装, 装配, 把…凑合起来
28 (10福建) We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s_____ it.
A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to
【解析】C动词词组辨析A. keep up with 保持 B. do away with废除, 去掉；C. get down to着手处理D. look forward to盼望, 期待
29 (10福建)– In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
--I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two .
A. linked B. related C. connected D. combined
【解析】D动词词义辨析A.; 联系在一起；将人或物连接或联系起来；B. 与…有某种联系;C. 连接, 连结；;D. 使联合, 使结合；
30（10安徽）No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ______you wishing they were that high
A. getting rid of B. getting along with
C. Looking up to D. looking down upon
【解析】C本题考查动词短语辨析。getting rid of意为 “摆脱；去除”； getting along with意为 “与……相处；进展”； Looking up to意为 “尊敬；敬仰”； looking down upon意为 “看不起；轻视”。句意为 “你无论认为自己怎样低下, 总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。”
31（10安徽）----How did you like Nick’s performance last night?
----To be honest, his singing didn’t _______to me much
A. appeal B . belong C refer D. occur
【解析】A本题考查动词辨析。appeal to 意为 “吸引”；belong to意为 “属于”；refer to意为 “提到；涉及”；occur to意为 “突然想到”。 句意为 “她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。”
32（10江西）Parents _______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A attach B pay C link D apply
【解析】A考查动词词组。attach importance to 关注.
33（10江西）Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just ______ sweet dreams.
A keep up with B put up with C end up with D catch up with
【解析】C考查动词词组。keep up with 保持, put up with 忍受, end up with 以 为结束 catch up with 赶上。
34（10山东）Sam ____some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up
【解析】C本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意应为 “山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。”表示 “学会”用pick up; pick up另外还有 “捡起; 顺车接送,搭载；收拾, 整理；重新开始；获得”等义；bring up 表示 “抚养, 教育；提出；呕吐”；look up 表示 “向上看；(形势)好转, 改善；查阅”；set up表示 “建立, 设置；造成, 产生”。
35（10山东）Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?
A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct
【解析】A本题考查动词在具体语境中的使用。句意应为 “你家里总是那么整洁-----家里有三个孩子, 你是怎么设法做到的?” 表示 “设法做成某事”用manage it。serve表示 “为……服务；接待”；adapt表示 “使适应, 使适合”；construct表示 “建造, 构筑；构思”。
36（10天津）Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion , and as a manager.
A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started off
【解析】A考查短语动词的用法。句意：作为一名职员加入公司, 他很快得到提升, 最后当上了经理。ended up as 作为……而结束的意思；dropped out是 “退出, 退学”的意思；came back是 “回来”的意思；started off是 “动身, 出发”的意思。只有A项符合题意。
37（10天津）He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London.
A. order B. arrange C. take D. book
【解析】D考查动词意义。句意：他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。book和tickets搭配, 是“订票”的 意思。
38（10四川）Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what- nice.
A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes
【解析】A考查系动词辨析。与上句中的eat with their eyes相对, 后句应该为点看起来很好吃的东西。故正确答案为A。
39（10四川）Jenny was looking for a seat when, luckily, a man and left．
A．took up B．got up C．shut up D．set up
【解析】B考查动词词组。get up意为 “起床, 起立”。句意为 “Jenny正在找一个座位, 正在那时, 很幸运地, 一个人站起来离开了。”故选B。take up “从事, 占据时间或空间”； shut up “闭嘴”； set up“建造, 搭起”。
40（10江苏）Thousands of foreigners were______ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.
A. attended B. attained C. attracted D. attached
【解析】C考查动词意义。表示成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加上海的世博会。
41（10江苏）The experiment has_________ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.
A. found out B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out
【解析】C考查动词词组。排除可能性。Find out是查找出 point out指出 carry out执行, 实施
42（10陕西）You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _____ you, I suppose.
A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about
【解析】A考查动词短语辨析。Agree with：同意, 赞成；与……相适应；agree to：同意, 赞成(观点, 看法等)；agree on：就……达成协议；agree about：对...... 有相同的看法。题干意思是：你看上去很好。我认为：三亚的空气和海鲜很适合你。选A。
43（10湖北）Just as the clothes a person wears , the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house his personality.
A. resembles B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes
【解析】C考查动词词义辨析“就好像一个人穿什么, 吃什么, 以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样, 一个人的住房也是如此。”要选一个表示 “反映”的词, 就是reflect. “resemble” = look like; “strengthen”表示 “加强, 巩固”；“shape”作动词表示 “塑形”
44（10湖北）Had he her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.
A. looked up to B. lived up to
C. kept up with D. come up with
【解析】B动词词组辨析该题的难点不仅仅在于这四个词组的辨析, 更主要的是考生要读得懂这个句子的意思。该句是典型的虚拟语气, “if” 引导的非真实条件句的倒装句, 描述的事于过去事实是相反的。“如果她当年履行了自己的诺言, 她就会进入耶鲁大学了。” look up to(抬头看, 尊重)keep up with(跟上, 追上)come up with(追赶上；想出；提出), 只有live up to(履行, 实行)符合题意。
45（10湖北）It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of
C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
【解析】D词组辨析先理解短语的意思. In preference to(优先于)；in place of(代替)；in agreement with(同意, 与…一致)；in exchange for(交换)。其实辨析这几个介词短语的难度不大, 只需要认识每一个短语中的核心词preference, exchange, place, agreement的意思即可, 猜测较为容易。
46（10辽宁）Thousands of people _______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.
A．turned on B．turned in C．turned around D．turned out
【解析】D考查短语动词的用法。句意：数千人出来观看昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。turn out 有“外出”的意思, 而turn on 则是“打开”, turn in “上床睡觉, 上缴”等意思；turn around是 “转身”的意思。只有turn out 符合语境。
47（10辽宁）The new movie _____ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time .
A. promises B. agrees c. pre tends D. declines
【解析】A句意：这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。考查动词意义辨析。promise除了表示 “允诺, 答应”外, 还有 “有……的希望”的意思；agree是 “同意, 赞同 ”；pretend是 “假装”；decline是 “衰老, 衰退”。只有promises符合题意。
48（10浙江）The majority of people in the town strongly the plan to build a playground for children.
A．consider B．support C．confirm D．submit
【解析】B本题考查动词辨析。分析四个选项的意思：consider考虑, 思考, 认为等；support支持, 拥护, 维持；confirm证实, 确认；submit使屈服, 使经受。根据语境：镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。
49（10浙江）After that, he knew he could any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.
A．get away with B．get on with C．get through D．get across
【解析】C本题考查与get相关的短语辨析。分析四个选项的意思：get away with侥幸逃脱；get on with与……有好相处；get through接通, 顺利通过, 完成；get across被理解, 越过。根据语境：经过那件事之后, 他明白了他能尽一切可能去顺利解决任何突发情况。
50（全国卷1）I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t_____.
A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through
【解析】D。本题考查考生对题干句子的理解和几个动词词组意义和用法的掌握情况。
题干句子的内容为：我尽力地给她办公室打电话，但我不能接通。get along，相处，进展；get on，上车，上马，继续，进行；get to，到达，抵达；get through，穿过; 通过; 读完; (使)理解; 消化; (用电话)接通某人; 完成。此处句意为：我设法打电话到她的办公室，但没打通。故选D。
51（全国卷1）Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.
A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push
【解析】D。本题考查词语辨析。draw, 拖，拉，吸引；strike，打，击，攻击，袭击；rush，冲，奔，猛冲；push，推，推动，对……施加压力。根据语境，句意为：要鼓励你的孩子尝试新东西，而不是严厉地施加压力。故选D。
52（09全国2）If you leave the club, you will not be back in .
A. received B. admitted C. turned D. moved
【解析】B。考查实义动词之间的区别。receive收到,接受,迎接admit允许进入,承认turn旋转move移动,搬家,使...感动
53 (09浙江) The good thing about children is that they _______ very easily to new environments.
A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply
【解析】A.。本题考查动词词义。根据句意, “关于孩子们美好的事情就是孩子们能很容易适应新的环境”。adapt to“适应”; appeal to“有吸引力, 有感染力；呼吁；求助于；上诉”等; attach to“粘上, 附上”; apply to“应用于, 适应于”。
54 (09安徽) Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.
A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means
【解析】C。动词辨析。正像Professor Scotti提出的, 成功是来自99%的汗水。
55 (09安徽) We tried to find a table for seven, hut they were all .
A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up
【解析】C。短语辨析。give away放弃；泄露；分发；出卖 keep away防范；不接近 take up拿起；开始从事 use up用完, 耗尽
56（09福建）We are at your service. Don’t to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek
【解析】B。动词词义辨析。beg：乞求, 乞讨, 恳求；hesitate：犹豫, 踌躇；desire：欲望；愿望；seek：试图, 要求。题干意思是：我们为你服务。当你有任何问题时, 请毫不犹豫的向我们求助。选B。
57 （09湖北）Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?
A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through
【解析】D。动词短语。该句意思是 “请你为我检查一下文章看是否有明显错误”。look through可表示 “检查, 浏览”之意。look around “环顾”, look into “调查”, look up “抬头看, 查阅”。
58（09湖北）During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to ______ bread for days.
A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with
【解析】C。动词短语。根据上句During the war there was a serious lack of food可推测出 “即或是富裕家庭也得几天吃不上面包”, 应选择do without表示 “不用/吃… 勉强
度过”。eat up “吃完”, give away “收拾”, deal with “应付, 处理”。
59（09湖北）The loss has not yet been ______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. c ontrolled
【解析】A．。考查动词意义。根据句意可知此处表示 “损失还没统计……”, 应选择calculated。considered “考虑”, completed “完成”, controlled “控制”均不符合上下文。
60 （09湖北）Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter D. distinguish
【解析】C．。考查动词意义。根据上句Some parents are just too protective. 可知下文要说父母们想庇荫孩子们不受到任何伤害。shelter做动词可表示 “保护；庇护”。spot “弄脏, 认出, 发现, 定位”, dismiss “开除, 使解散”, distinguish “区别”。
61（09江西）It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.
A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out
【解析】C。本题考查动词短语。根据题意可知应选look into “调查”。
62（09海南）I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t__________.
A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through
【解析】D．。本题考查动词短语。句意为：我试着给她办公室打电话, 但没有打通。get along 进展, 相处。get on 上车；get to到达；get through通过。依据句意, 选D。
