克劳德·莫奈(Claude Monet,1840年11月14日-1926年12月5日),法国画家,被誉为“印象派领导者”,是印象派代表人物和创始人之一。莫奈擅长光与影的实验与表现技法,他最重要的风格是改变了阴影和轮廓线的画法。在莫奈的画作中看不到非常明确的阴影,也看不到突显或平涂式的轮廓线,光和影的色彩描绘是莫奈绘画的最大特色。
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1874年,莫奈参加了第一次印象派展览,展出了自己的作品《日出·印象》,这幅画描绘的是法国勒阿弗尔港清晨的风景,太阳刚刚升起,水面雾气朦胧。由于画的是光线短暂变化的瞬间,于是受到学院派的嘲笑,说《日出·印象》完全就是凭印象胡乱画出来的,印象派由此得名。
《印象·日出》
莫奈在视觉观察方面无疑是一个富有创造性的天才,他善于从光与色的相互关系中发现前人从未发现的某种现象。他把全部注意力都集中在光与色上,从而找到了最适于表达光与色的明度差别变化的形式,他把这种光色明度差别变化从绘画的各种其他因素中抽象出来,把它提到了不可攀登的高度。
下面是莫奈的“系列”作品之一《草垛》:(可以闭上一只眼睛看)
《草垛》
Grainstack at Giverny, 1889
Grainstack at Sunset, 1891
Grainstack in Overcast Weather, Snow Effect, 1891
Grainstack at Sunset, Winter, 1890-91
Grainstack, Thaw, Sunset, 1891
Grainstack under the Sun, 1891
Grainstack, 1891 01
Grainstack, 1891 02
Grainstack, Impression in Pinks and Blues, 1891
Grainstack, Sun in the Mist, 1891
Grainstacks at Chailly at Sunrise, 1865
Grainstacks at Giverny, Morning Effect, 1889
Grainstacks at Giverny, Sunset, 1889
Grainstacks at Sunset, Snow Effect, 1891
Grainstacks at the End of Summer, Morning Effect, 1891
Grainstacks at the End of the Day, Autumn, 1891
Grainstacks in the Morning, Snow Effect, 1891
Grainstacks in the Sunlight, Midday, 1890
Grainstacks, 1891
Grainstacks, Snow Effect, 1890-91
Grainstacks, White Frost Effect, 1890-91
Grainstacks, White Frost Effect, 1891
1525 paintings_Haystack at Giverny, 1885
Haystack at Giverny, 1893
Haystack, 1865
Haystacks - White Frost, Sunrise, 1889
Haystacks at Giverny, 1884
Haystacks at Giverny, 1885
Haystacks at Giverny, 1894
Haystacks at Giverny, 1895
Haystacks, Overcast Day, 1884
Haytstacks (End of Summer), 1891
光和影的色彩描绘是莫奈绘画的最大特色,在他的画作中看不到明确的阴影,也看不到突显或平涂式的轮廓线。
《草地上的午餐》
他醉心于捕捉大自然的光与色的变化,他的风景画如同音乐一样,有着明快、抒情的色彩。
《白杨树》
《罂粟花》
《撑阳伞的女人》
《睡莲》
很多时候,他也会画同一素材在不同光线下的形式。下面的高清图中会有很多同一场景不同时刻的印象,比如《圣拉扎尔火车站》系列、《鲁昂大教堂》系列、《草垛》系列……不要以为看花眼了哦!
《圣拉扎尔火车站》1
《圣拉扎尔火车站》2
Antibes, Afternoon Effect, 1888
Argenteuil, 1872
Argenteuil Seen from the Small Arm of the Seine, 1872
Apple Trees on the Chantemesle Hill, 1878
Apple Trees in Blossom by the Water, 1880
Apple Trees in Bloom, 1873
Apple Trees Blooming, 1873
Antibes Seen from the Cap Marten, Mistral Wind, 1888
Antibes in the Morning, 1888
Antibes - View of the Salis Gardens, 1888
Anemones in Pot, 1885
Andre Lauvray, 1880
An Orchard in Spring, 1886
An Old Street of Chaussee, Argenteuil, 1872
Amsterdam in the Snow, 1874
Alice Hoschede in the Garden, 1881
Agapanthus Flowers, 1914-17
Reading in the Garden, 1866
Argenteuil, Flowers by the Riverbank, 1877
Argenteuil, Late Afternoon, 1872
Argenteuil, Seen from the Small Arm of the Seine, 1872
Argenteuil, the Hospice, 1872
Argenteuil, The Seine, 1872
Argenteuil. Yachts, 1875 01
Argenteuil. Yachts, 1875 02
Argenteuil. Yachts, 1875 03
Arm of the Seine near Vetheuil, 1878
Arriving at Montegeron, 1876
Asters,1880
At Cap d Antibes, 1888
At Cap d Antibes, Mistral Wind, 1888
At Petit-Dalles, 1884
At the Meadow, Vetheuil, 1881
At the Terrace at Vetheuil, 1881
At Val Saint-Nicolas near Dieppe, Morning, 1897
At Val Saint-Nicolas, near Dieppe, 1897
At Val-Saint-Nicolas near Dieppe in the Morning, 1897
Cliff near Dieppe in the Morning, 1897
Cliff near Dieppe, 1896
Cliff near Dieppe, Cloudy Weather, 1897
Cliff near Dieppe, Overcast Skies, 1897
Autumn Effect at Argenteuil, 1873
Autumn on the Seine at Argenteuil, 1873
Banks of the Seine at Jeufosse, Autumn, 1884
Banks of the Seine at Lavacourt, 1878
Bathers at La Grenouillere, 1869
Basket of Graphes, Quinces and Pears, 1882-85
Beach and Cliffs at Pourville, Morning Effect, 1882
Beach in Juan-les-Pins, 1888
Bed of Chrysanthemums, 1897
Belle-Ile, 1886
Belle-Ile, Rain Effect, 1886
Belle-Ile, Rocks at Port-Goulphar, 1886
Belle-Ile, The Cliffs, 1886
Bennecourt, 1885
Bennecourt,1887
Blanche Hoschede, 1880
Boat at Low Tide at Fecamp,1881
Boaters at Argenteuil, 1874
Boats at Petit-Gennevilliers, 1872
Boats at Rouen, 1872
Boats at Zaandam, 1871
Boats in the Port of Honfleur, 1866
Boats in the Port of Honfleur, 1917
Boats in the Port of Le Havre, 1882-83
Boats in the Port of London, 1871
Boats Lying at Low Tide at Facamp, 1881
Boats on Rapair, 1873
Boats on the Beach at Etretat, 1883
Boats on the Beach at Etretat
Boats on the Beach at Pourville, Low Tide, 1882
Boats on the Beach, 1883
Boats on the Beach, 1885
Boats on the Thames, Fog Effect, 1901
Boats on the Thames, London, 1901
Boatyard near Honfleur, 1864
Bordighera, 1884
Bordighera, Italy, 1884
Bordighera, the House of Gardener, 1884
Bordighera, View, 1884
Boulevard des Capucines, 1883 01
Boulevard des Capucines, 1883 02
Boulevard St.Denis, Argenteuil, Snow Effect,1875
Bouquet of Sunflowers, 1880
Bouquet of Gadiolas, Lilies and Dasies, 1878
Branch of Lemons, 1884
Branch of Lemons,1883
Branch of Orange Bearing Fruit, 1884
Breakup of Ice, 1880
Breakup of Ice, Grey Weather, 1880
Breakup of Ice, Lavacourt, Grey Weather,1880
Broad Landscape, 1862
Burgo Marina at Bordighera,1884
By the River at Vernon, 1883
By the Sea, 1864
Calm Weather, Fecamp, 1881
Camille Monet in the Garden at the House in Argenteuil, 1876
Canal in Amsterdam, 1874
Canal of Amsterdam in Winter, 1874
Cap Martin, 1884 01
Cap Martin, 1884 02
Cap Martin, 1884 03
Carrieres - Saint-Denis, 1872
Cart on the Snow Covered Road with Saint-Simeon Farm, 1865
Charing Cross Bridge (study), 1899-01
Charing Cross Bridge, 1899 01
Charing Cross Bridge, 1899 02
Charing Cross Bridge, 1899-01 01
Charing Cross Bridge, 1899-01 02
Charing Cross Bridge, 1899-01 03
Charing Cross Bridge, 1900
Charing Cross Bridge, 1901 01
Charing Cross Bridge, 1901 02
Charing Cross Bridge, 1902 01
Charing Cross Bridge, 1902 02
Charing Cross Bridge, 1903 01
Charing Cross Bridge, Cleopatra s Needle, 1899-1901
Charing Cross Bridge, Fog on the Themes, 1903
Charing Cross Bridge, Overcast Weather, 1900
Charing Cross Bridge, Reflections on the Thames, 1899-01
Charing Cross Bridge, The Thames 02, 1903
Charing Cross Bridge, The Thames, 1903
Christmas Roses, 1883
Chrysanthemums, 1878
Chrysanthemums, 1882
Church at Jeufosse, Snowy Weather, 1893
Clematises, 1887
Cliff at Dieppe, 1882
Cliff at Fecamp, 1881
Cliff at Grainval near Fecamp, 1881
Cliff at Grainval, 1882
Cliff at Petit Ailly in Grey Weather, 1897
Cliff at Petit Ailly, 1896
Cliff at Petit Ailly, at Varengeville, 1896
Cliff at Pourville 2, 1896
Cliff at Pourville in the Morning, 1897
Cliff at Pourville, 1896
Cliff at Pourville, 1896
Cliffs at Pourville, Rain, 1886
Cliffs at Pourville, Sunset, 1897
Cliff at Sainte-Adresse, 1873
Cliff near Dieppe, 1882
Cliff near Dieppe, 1897
Cliff near Fecamp, 1881
Cliff near Pourville, 1882
Cliffs and Sailboats at Pourville, 1882
Cliffs at Amont, 1885
Cliffs at Etretat, 1886
Cliffs at Pourville in the Fog, 1882
Cliffs at Pourville, Morning, 1897
Cliffs near Dieppe, 1882
Cliffs near Pourville, 1882
Cliffs of Les Petites-Dalles, 1880
Cliffs of Les Petites-Dalles, 1881
Cliffs of the Porte d Aval, 1885
Cliffs of the Porte d Aval, Grey Weather, 1883
Cliffs of Varengeville, Gust of Wind, 1881
Cliffs of Varengeville, Gust of Wind, 1882
Cliffs Walk at Pourville, 1882
Clifftop Walk at Pourville, 1882
Coal Dockers, 1875
Coast of Normandy
Cobeas, 1883
Coming into Port-Goulphar, Belle-Ile, 1886
Corner of a Studio, 1861
Corner of the Apartment, 1875
Cote Sauvage, 1896
Customs House at Varengaville 2, 1897
Customs House at Varengaville, 1882
Customs House at Varengeville in the Fog, 1897
Customs House, 1882
Customs House, Rose Effect, 1897
Customs House, Varengeville, 1882
Dahlias 2, 1883
Dahlias, 1883
Dieppe, 1882
Dolceacqua, Bridge, 1884
Dolceacqua, Castle, 1884
Dolceacqua, Castle, 1884
Dr. Leclenche, 1864
Edge of the Cliff at Pourville, 1882
Edge of the Cliff, Pourville, 1882
Effect of Waves at Etretat, 1883
Entering the Village of Vetheuil in Winter, 1879
Entrance to the Port of Honfleur, 1870
Entrance to the Port of Trouville, 1870
Etretat, 1864
Etretat, Aiguille and Porte d`Aval, Sunset, 1883-85
Etretat, Cliff of Aval, 1885
Etretat, Cliff of Aval, Sunset, 1885
Etretat, Sailing Boats under the Sunset, 1882-83
Etretat, Sunset, 1883
Etretat, the Aval Door, Fishing Boats Leaving the Harbour, 1885
Etretat, the Beach and the Porte d Aval, 1883
Etretat, the Needle Rock and Porte d Aval, 1885
1525 paintings_Evening at Argenteuil, 1876
Evening Effect of the Seine, 1881
Evening in the Meadow at Giverny (detail), 1888
Farm near Honfleur, 1864
Farm Yard at Chailly, 1865
Farmyard in Normandy, 1863
Farmyard, 1878
Fecamp, by the Sea, 1881
Festival at Argenteuil, 1872
Field at Gennevilliers, 1877
Field of Tulips in Holland, 1886
ield of Yellow Irises at Giverny, 1887
Fields of Flowers and Windmills near Leiden, 1886
Fields of Tulip With The Rijnsburg Windmill, 1886
Fisherman s Cottage at Varengeville, 1882
Fisherman s House at Varengeville, 1882
Fisherman`s House in Petit-Ailly, 1882
Fishing Boats (study), 1866
Fishing Boats at Etretat, 1873
Fishing Boats at Honfleur, 1868
Fishing Boats at Pourville, 1882
Fishing Boats at Sea, 1868
Fishing Boats at the Sea near Pourville, 1882
Fishing Boats at the Sea, 1868
Fishing Boats by the Beach and the Cliffs of Pourville, 1882
Fishing Boats Leaving the Harbor, Le Havre, 1874
Fishing Boats on the Beach at Etretat, 1884
Fishing Boats, 1885
Fishing Boats, Calm Sea, 1868
Fishing Nets at Pourville, 1882
Fishing on the River Epte, 1887
Floating Ice on the Seine, 1880 01
Floating Ice on the Seine, 1880 02
Floating Ice near Bennecourt, 1893
Floating Ice near Bennecourt, 1898
Floating Ice, 1882
Flood at Giverny, 1886
Flood at Giverny, 1896
Flood at Giverny, 1896-97
Flood of the Seine at Vetheuil, 1881
Flood Waters at Giverny, 1896
Flowering Pear Tree, 1885
Flowers and Fruit, 1869
Flowers at Vetheuil, 1881
Flowers in a Pot, 1878
Flowers Beds at Vetheuil, 1881
Flowers in a Vase, 1888
Flowers on the Banks of Seine near Vetheuil, 1880
Fog Effect, 1872
Fontainebleau Forest, 1865
Frost near Vetheuil, 1880
Frost, 1875
Fruit Basket with Apples and Grapes, 1879
Fruit Trees,1525
Garden at Sainte-Adresse, 1867
Garden in Bloom at Sainte-Addresse, 1866
Garden in Bordighera, Morning Effect, 1884
Garden of the Princess, 1867
Gardener s House at Antibes, 1888
Geese at the Stream, 1874
General View Of Rouen From St.Catherines Bank
General View of Rouen, 1892
Gestrandetes Boot in Fecamp, 1868
Girls in a Boat, 1887
Girls in the Garden, 1875
Giverny in Springtime, 1899-1900
Gladiolus, 1881
Gladioluses, 1876
Gondola in Venice, 1908
Green Park in London, 1871
Group of Rocks at Port-Goulphar, 1886
Group of Rocks, Port-Goulphar, 1886
Grove of Olive Trees in Bordighera, 1884
Guurtje Van de Stadt, 1871
Hauling a Boat Ashore, Honfleur, 1864
Haystack at Giverny, 1886
来源:哲学与艺术